ERICH FROMM (1900-1980) was a German-born American psychoanalyst, humanistic philosopher, sociologist, and democratic socialist. He was associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory and explored the interaction between psychology and society. By applying psychoanalytic principles to the remedy of cultural ills, Fromm believed, mankind could develop a psychologically balanced "sane society."
Fromm began practicing psychoanalysis as a disciple of Sigmund Freud but soon took issue with Freud's preoccupation with unconscious drives and consequent neglect of the role of societal factors in human psychology. For Fromm an individual's personality was the product of culture as well as biology. He had already attained a distinguished reputation as a psychoanalyst when he left Nazi Germany in 1933 for the U.S., where he came into conflict with orthodox Freudian psychoanalytic circles.
In his first major work, ESCAPE FROM FREEDOM (1941), Fromm charted the growth of freedom and self-awareness from the Middle Ages to modern times and, using psychoanalytic techniques, analyzed the tendency, brought on by modernization, to take refuge from contemporary insecurities by turning to totalitarian movements such as Nazism. His second important work, MAN FOR HIMSELF (1947), continued and enriched these ideas. Taken together, these books outlined Fromm's theory of human character, which was a natural outgrowth of Fromm's theory of human nature.
The culmination of Fromm's social and political philosophy was THE SANE SOCIETY (1955), which argued that modern man has become alienated and estranged from himself within consumer-oriented industrial society. He became one of the founders of socialist humanism. Building primarily upon the early works of Karl Marx, Fromm emphasized the ideal of freedom found in the writings of libertarian socialists and liberal theoreticians. MARX'S CONCEPT OF MAN (1961) was particularly important, providing selections from several of Marx's early works, including an influential translation of the "Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844". Made at Fromm's suggestion, this translation marked the first publication of these manuscripts in English.
Known also for his popular works on ethics and love, Fromm wrote books of criticism and analysis of Freudian thought, psychoanalysis, and religion. THE ART OF LOVING (1956), which recapitulated and complemented the theoretical principles found in his earlier works, became an international bestseller. Fromm argued the active character of true love involves four basic elements: care, responsibility, respect, and knowledge, and that love as a skill can be taught and developed.
Of his own work, Fromm later explained, "I wanted to understand the laws that govern the life of the individual man, and the laws of society — that is, of men in their social existence. I tried to see the lasting truth in Freud's concepts as against those assumptions which were in need of revision. I tried to do the same with Marx's theory, and finally, I tried to arrive at a synthesis which followed from the understanding and the criticism of both thinkers."
The following books are in ePUB format unless otherwise indicated:
* Anatomy of Human Destructiveness, The (Open Road, 2013)
* Art of Being (Open Road, 2013)
* Art of Listening (Open Road, 2013)
* Art of Loving (Open Road, 2013)
* Beyond Freud (AMHF, 2010)
* Beyond the Chains of Illusion (Continuum, 2009 / Open Road, 2013) — PDF + ePUB
* Clinical Erich Fromm, The (Rodopi, 2009). R. Funk, ed. — PDF
* Crisis of Psychoanalysis, The (Open Road, 2013)
* Dogma of Christ & Other Essays (Routledge, 2004 / Open Road, 2013) — PDF + ePUB
* Erich Fromm Reader (Open Road, 2013). R. Funk, ed.
* Escape from Freedom (Open Road, 2013)
* Essential Fromm, The (Open Road, 2013). R. Funk, ed.
* Fascism, Power, and Individual Rights (Open Road, 2017)
* Forgotten Language (Open Road, 2013)
* For the Love of Life (Free Press, 1986) — PDF
* Greatness and Limitations of Freud's Thought (Open Road, 2013)
* Heart of Man, The (Perennial, 1974 / AMHF, 2010) — PDF + ePUB
* Hope (AMHF, 2010)
* Man for Himself (Open Road, 2013)
* Marx's Concept of Man (Continuum, 2004 / Open Road, 2013) — PDF + ePUB
* May Man Prevail? (Open Road, 2013)
* On Disobedience (HarperCollins, 2010)
* On Being Human (Open Road, 2013)
* Pathology of Normalcy, The (AMHF, 2010)
* Psychoanalysis and Religion (Open Road, 2013)
* Psychoanalysis and Zen Buddhism (Open Road, 2013)
* Revision of Psychoanalysis (Open Road, 2013)
* Revolution of Hope, The (Bantam, 1968 / AMHF, 2010) — PDF + ePUB
* Sane Society, The (Routledge, 1991 / Open Road, 2013) — PDF + ePUB
* Sigmund Freud's Mission (Open Road, 2013)
* Social Character in a Mexican Village [with M. Maccoby] (Open Road, 2013)
* To Have or To Be? (Continuum, 2008 / Open Road, 2013) — PDF + ePUB
* Working Class in Weimar Germany, The (Berg, 1980). W. Bonss, ed. — PDF
* You Shall Be As Gods (Open Road, 2013)
== LETTERS ==
* Dunayevskaya-Marcuse-Fromm Letters (Lexington, 2012). Anderson, ed. — PDF
== EDITOR ==
* Nature of Man, The (Macmillan, 1968). E. Fromm & R. Xirau, eds. — PDF
* Socialist Humanism (Doubleday, 1965). E. Fromm, ed. — PDF
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