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Microsoft® .NET FRAMEWORK 4.0
 
Developer(s) Microsoft
Initial release February 13, 2002 (2002-02-13)
Operating system Windows NT 4.0, Windows 98, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7
Type Software framework
License MS-EULA, BCL under Microsoft Reference Source License
Website msdn.microsoft.com/netframework
The Microsoft .NET Framework is a software framework that can be installed on computers running Microsoft Windows operating systems. It includes a large library of coded solutions to common programming problems and a virtual machine that manages the execution of programs written specifically for the framework. The .NET Framework is a Microsoft offering and is intended to be used by most new applications created for the Windows platform.
The framework's Base Class Library provides a large range of features including user interface, data access, database connectivity, cryptography, web application development, numeric algorithms,and network communications. The class library is used by programmers,who combine it with their own code to produce applications.
Programs written for the .NET Framework execute in a software environment that manages the program's runtime requirements. Also part of the .NET Framework, this runtime environment is known as the Common Language Runtime (CLR). The CLR provides the appearance of an application virtual machine so that programmers need not consider the capabilities of the specific CPU that will execute the program. The CLR also provides other important services such as security, memory management, and exception handling. The class library and the CLR together constitute the .NET Framework.
Version 3.0 of the .NET Framework is included with Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista. The current stable version of the framework, which is 3.5, is included with Windows 7, and can also be installed on Windows XP and the Windows Server 2003 family of operating systems.Version 4 of the framework was released as a public beta on 20 May 2009.In February 2010, Microsoft released a .NET Framework 4 release candidate.
The .NET Framework family also includes two versions for mobile or embedded device use. A reduced version of the framework, the .NET Compact Framework, is available on Windows CE platforms, including Windows Mobile devices such as smartphones. Additionally, the .NET Micro Framework is targeted at severely resource constrained devices.
Microsoft announced the .NET Framework 4 on 29 September 2008. The Public Beta was released on 20 May 2009.Some focuses of this release are:
* Parallel Extensions to improve support for parallel computing, which target multi-core or distributed systems.To this end, they plan to include technologies like PLINQ (Parallel LINQ),a parallel implementation of the LINQ engine, and Task Parallel Library, which exposes parallel constructs via method calls.
* New Visual Basic and C# language features, such as statement lambdas, implicit line continuations, dynamic dispatch, named parameters, and optional parameters.
* Full support for IronPython, IronRuby, and F#.
* Support for a subset of the .NET Framework and ASP.NET with the "Server Core" variant of Windows Server 2008 R2.
* Support for Code Contracts.
* Inclusion of the Oslo modelling platform, along with the M programming language.
* Inclusion of new types to work with arbitrary-precision arithmetic (System.Numerics.BigInteger) and complex numbers (System.Numerics.Complex).
In conjunction with .NET Framework 4, Microsoft will offer a set of enhancements, codenamed Dublin, for Windows Server 2008 application server capabilities.Dublin will extend IIS to be a "standard host" for applications that use either WCF or WF.
Interoperability
Because interaction between new and older applications is commonly required, the .NET Framework provides means to access functionality that is implemented in programs that execute outside the .NET environment. Access to COM components is provided in the System.Runtime.InteropServices and System.EnterpriseServices namespaces of the framework; access to other functionality is provided using the P/Invoke feature.
Common Runtime Engine
The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is the virtual machine component of the .NET framework. All .NET programs execute under the supervision of the CLR, guaranteeing certain properties and behaviors in the areas of memory management, security, and exception handling.
Language Independence
The .NET Framework introduces a Common Type System, or CTS. The CTS specification defines all possible datatypes and programming constructs supported by the CLR and how they may or may not interact with each other conforming to the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) specification. Because of this feature, the .NET Framework supports the exchange of types and object instances between libraries and applications written using any conforming .NET language.
Base Class Library
The Base Class Library (BCL), part of the Framework Class Library (FCL), is a library of functionality available to all languages using the .NET Framework. The BCL provides classes which encapsulate a number of common functions, including file reading and writing, graphic rendering, database interaction, XML document manipulation and so on.
Simplified Deployment
The .NET framework includes design features and tools that help manage the installation of computer software to ensure that it does not interfere with previously installed software, and that it conforms to security requirements.
Security
The design is meant to address some of the vulnerabilities, such as buffer overflows, that have been exploited by malicious software. Additionally, .NET provides a common security model for all applications.
Portability
The design of the .NET Framework allows it to theoretically be platform agnostic, and thus cross-platform compatible. That is, a program written to use the framework should run without change on any type of system for which the framework is implemented. While Microsoft has never implemented the full framework on any system except Microsoft Windows, the framework is engineered to be platform agnostic,and cross-platform implementations are available for other operating systems (see Silverlight and the Alternative implementations section below). Microsoft submits the specifications for the Common Language Infrastructure (which includes the core class libraries, Common Type System, and the Common Intermediate Language),the C# language, and the C++/CLI language to both ECMA and the ISO, making them available as open standards. This makes it possible for third parties to create compatible implementations of the framework and its languages on other platforms.
1. Open dotNetFx40_Full_x86 Folder,
2. Click On dotNetFx40_Full_x86.exe, then,
3. Follow On-Screen InstructionS,
4. Wait a Minute or two,
5. Restart Computer.
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